A3et - Hugo Capet

人物图

父母

父亲	出生日期	母亲	出生日期
Hugh The Great		Hedwig of Saxony

伴侣

伴侣	出生日期	子女
Adelaide of Poitiers	945	Dulce Berenguer Af Barcelona og Aragonia

人物事件

事件类型	日期	地点	描述
出生	940
死亡	996

亲属报告

名称	类型	出生地点	出生日期	死亡地点	死亡日期
伴侣
Adelaide of Poitiers	伴侣或妻子		945		1004
子女
Dulce Berenguer Af Barcelona og Aragonia	女儿		1192		1198
父母
Hedwig of Saxony	母亲
Hugh The Great	父亲
孙子孙女
Berengaria af Portugel	孙女		1195		1221
曾孙子女
Konge Christoffer I	曾孙		1219		1259
玄孙子女
Erik Klippinge	玄孙		1249		1286
来孙子女
Konge Christoffer II	来孙		1276	Lolland	02.08.1332
晜孙子女
Erik Christoffersen Løvenbalk	晜孙
仍孙子女
Johan Eriksen	仍孙
Niels Eriksen Banner	仍孙
Margrethe Eriksdatter Løvenbalk	仍孙女		1322		1350
Niels Eriksen Løvenbalk	仍孙	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1331	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1377
云孙子女
Anne Nielsdatter Banner	云孙女	Vinstrup			1475
Jens Nielsen Løvenbalk	云孙	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1344	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1438
耳孙子女
Ellen Jensdatter	耳孙女
Ellen Pedersdatter Skram	耳孙女
Erik Jensen	耳孙	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark
Gjertrud Jensdatter	耳孙
Maren Jensdatter	耳孙女	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark
Margrethe Jensdatter	耳孙女
Mogens Jensen Løvenbalk	耳孙	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1400	Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1441
远房子孙
Anne Kaas	11th granddaughter
Jens Lauridsen Løvenbalk	9th grandson				29.04.1538
Jørgen Lauridsen Løvenbalk	9th grandson	Tjele Gods, Viborg, Danmark			1532
Karen Thøgersdatter	14th granddaughter
Knud Lauridsen Løvenbalk	9th grandson	Tjele Gods, Viborg, Danmark			1529
Maren Lauridsdatter Løvenbalk	9th granddaughter	Tjele Gods, Viborg, Danmark
Mogens Lauridsen Løvenbalk	9th grandson				1536
Svend / Jens Rød	11th grandson
Laurids Mogensen Løvenbalk	8th grandson	Aunsbjerg Herregård Sjørslev, Aunsbjerg, Viborg, Danmark	1454	Tjele Gods, Viborg, Danmark	1500
Jens Nielsen Kaas	8th grandson		1477	Taarupgaard	1519
Thøger Jensen Løvenbalk Broder Thøger	10th grandson	Tjele Gods, Viborg, Danmark	1490		1542
Niels Jensen Kaas	9th grandson		1505		1534
Bjørn Kaas	10th grandson	Staarup Hovedgaard	1518	Bygholm	26.03.1581
Peder Thøgersen Løvenbalk	11th grandson	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1532		03.05.1595
Else Pedersdatter	12th granddaughter		1559		1591
Else Pedersdatter Løvenbalk	12th granddaughter	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1559
Birthe Mouridsdatter	12th granddaughter		1565		1600
Thøger Jacobsen Holm	13th grandson	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1579	Ramme, Ringsted, Danmark	1630
Peder Jacobsen Holm	13th grandson		1585		1639
Anne Jensdatter	13th granddaughter		1586		1649
Jacob Jacobsen Holm	13th grandson	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1587	Nykøbing, Lodderuo, Viborg, Danmark	1663
Kirsten Jacobsen Holm	13th granddaughter	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1590		1653
Else Jacobsen Holm	13th granddaughter	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1591
Gertrud Nielsdatter	14th granddaughter		1606		1668
Anne Thøgersdatter	14th granddaughter	Skyum, Thisted, Danmark	1607
Chatrine Thøgersdatter Holm	14th granddaughter	Skyum, Thisted, Danmark	1610
Anne Pedersdatter Holm	14th granddaughter		1630		1677
祖父母
Béatrice of Vermandois	祖母
Henry the Fowler	祖父
King Robert I of France	祖父
Matilda of Ringelheim	祖母
媳婿
Konge af Portugal Sancho I	女婿				1211
孙子女
Anne Joachimsdatter Flemming	8th granddaughter-in-law
Dronning Margrethe Sambria af Pommeren	曾外孙女
Else Svendsdatter Udson	耳外孙女
Erik Skram	9th grandson-in-law
Maria Nielsdatter Arctand	13th granddaughter-in-law
Peder Jacobsen Holst	14th grandson-in-law
Søren Christensen Bhie	13th granddaughter-in-law	Ingstrup, Hjørring, Danmark
Thomas Christensen Mumme	13th grandson-in-law
Ukendt	云外孙女
Anne Pedersdatter	10th granddaughter-in-law		1510
Jacob Jensen Holm	12th grandson-in-law	Viborg, Viborg, Danmark	1543	Ålborg, Fleskum Herred, Ålborg, Danmark	29.04.1609
Mette Christoffersdatter Bang	13th granddaughter-in-law	Skyum, Thisted, Danmark	1565
Niels Andersen Schytte	14th grandson-in-law	Tostrup, Roum, Ålborg, Danmark	1608	Vestervig, Thisted, Danmark	1676
Rubech Christensen Humble	14th grandson-in-law		1610		1673

备注


Hugh Capet[1] (c. 940 – 24 October 996) was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death. Descent and inheritance The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[2] But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword, Duke of Normandy[3]. In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of Cologne, acted as regent. Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.[4] The realm in which Hugh died, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip the Fair (died 1314). Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.[5] Election and extent of power From 977 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles: Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.[citation needed] He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.[6] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[7] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[8] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year. 10th century West Francia (France). Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's anointed, his life was largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages.[citation needed] Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire. While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"[9]. [edit]Dispute with the papacy Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert. Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities. [edit]Legacy Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. His son Robert continued to reign. Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made the city his power centre. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there. He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French kings through Louis Philippe, and all royal pretenders since then, have belonged to the dynasty. As of 2008, members of the Capetian dynasty are still the heads of state of the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the Bourbon Juan Carlos) and of the grand-duchy of Luxembourg, making it the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in the world. [edit]Ancestry [show] v • d • eAncestors of Hugh Capet [edit]Marriage and issue Hugh Capet married Adelaide, daughter of William Towhead, Count of Poitou. Their children are as follows: Robert II, who became king after the death of his father Hedwig, or Hathui, who married Reginar IV, Count of Hainaut Gisela, or Gisele A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.[

Hugh Capet[1] (c. 940 – 24 October 996) was the first King of France of the eponymous Capetian dynasty from his election to succeed the Carolingian Louis V in 987 until his death.

Descent and inheritance

The son of Hugh the Great, Duke of France, and Hedwige of Saxony, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler, Hugh was born about 940. His paternal family, the Robertians, were powerful landowners in the Île-de-France. His grandfather had been King Robert I and his grandmother Beatrice was a Carolingian, a daughter of Herbert I of Vermandois. King Odo was his great uncle and King Rudolph Odo's son-in-law. Hugh was born into a well-connected and powerful family with many ties to the reigning nobility of Europe.[2] But for all this, Hugh's father was never king. When Rudolph died in 936, Hugh the Great organized the return of Louis d'Outremer, son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England. Hugh's motives are unknown, but it is presumed that he acted to forestall Rudolph's brother and successor as Duke of Burgundy, Hugh the Black from taking the French throne, or to prevent it from falling into the grasping hands of Herbert II of Vermandois or William Longsword, Duke of Normandy[3].

In 956, Hugh inherited his father's estates and became one of the most powerful nobles in the much-reduced West Frankish kingdom. However, as he was not yet an adult, his uncle Bruno, Archbishop of Cologne, acted as regent. Young Hugh's neighbours made the most of the opportunity. Theobald I of Blois, a former vassal of Hugh the Great, took the counties of Chartres and Châteaudun. Further south, on the border of the kingdom, Fulk II of Anjou, another former client of Hugh the Great, carved out a principality at Hugh's expense and that of the Bretons.[4]

The realm in which Hugh died, and of which he would one day be king, bore no resemblance to modern France. Hugh's predecessors did not call themselves rois de France ("Kings of France"), and that title was not used until the time of his distant descendant Philip the Fair (died 1314). Kings ruled as rex Francorum ("King of the Franks") and the lands over which they ruled comprised only a very small part of the former Carolingian Empire. The eastern Frankish lands, the Holy Roman Empire, were ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, represented by Hugh's first cousin Otto II and then by Otto's son, Otto III. The lands south of the river Loire had largely ceased to be part of the West Frankish kingdom in the years after Charles the Simple was deposed in 922. The Duchy of Normandy and the Duchy of Burgundy were largely independent, and Brittany entirely so, although from 956 Burgundy was ruled by Hugh's brothers Odo and Henry.[5]

Election and extent of power

From 977 to 986, Hugh Capet allied himself with the German emperors Otto II and Otto III and with Archbishop Adalberon of Reims to dominate the Carolingian king, Lothair. By 986, he was king in all but name. After Lothair and his son died in early 987, Adalberon and Gerbert of Aurillac convened an assembly of nobles to elect Hugh Capet as their king. In front of an electoral assembly at Senlis, Adalberon gave a stirring oration and pleaded to the nobles:

Crown the Duke. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. The throne is not acquired by hereditary right; no one should be raised to it unless distinguished not only for nobility of birth, but for the goodness of his soul.[citation needed]
He was elected and crowned rex Francorum at Noyon in Picardy on 3 July 987, by the prelate of Reims, the first of the Capetian house. Immediately after his coronation, Hugh began to push for the coronation of his son Robert. Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.[6] Ralph Glaber, however, attributes Hugh's request to his old age and inability to control the nobility.[7] Modern scholarship has largely imputed to Hugh the motive of establishing a dynasty against the pretension of electoral power on the part of the aristocracy, but this is not the typical view of contemporaries and even some modern scholars have been less sceptical of Hugh's "plan" to campaign in Spain.[8] Robert was eventually crowned on 25 December that same year.

10th century West Francia (France).
Hugh Capet possessed minor properties near Chartres and Angers. Between Paris and Orléans he possessed towns and estates amounting to approximately 400 square miles (1,000 km²). His authority ended there, and if he dared travel outside his small area, he risked being captured and held for ransom, though, as God's anointed, his life was largely safe. Indeed, there was a plot in 993, masterminded by Adalberon, Bishop of Laon and Odo I of Blois, to deliver Hugh Capet into the custody of Otto III. The plot failed, but the fact that no one was punished illustrates how tenuous his hold on power was. Beyond his power base, in the rest of France, there were still as many codes of law as there were fiefdoms. The "country" operated with 150 different forms of currency and at least a dozen languages.[citation needed] Uniting all this into one cohesive unit was a formidable task and a constant struggle between those who wore the crown of France and its feudal lords. As such, Hugh Capet's reign was marked by numerous power struggles with the vassals on the borders of the Seine and the Loire.

While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"[9].

[edit]Dispute with the papacy

Hugh made Arnulf Archbishop of Reims in 988, even though Arnulf was the nephew of his bitter rival, Charles of Lorraine. Charles thereupon succeeded in capturing Reims and took the archbishop prisoner. Hugh, however, considered Arnulf a turncoat and demanded his deposition by Pope John XV. The turn of events outran the messages, when Hugh captured both Charles and Arnulf and convoked a synod at Reims in June 991, which obediently deposed Arnulf and chose as his successor Gerbert of Aurillac. These proceedings were repudiated by Rome, although a second synod had ratified the decrees issued at Reims. John XV summoned the French bishops to hold an independent synod outside the King's realm, at Aachen, to reconsider the case. When they refused, he called them to Rome, but they protested that the unsettled conditions en route and in Rome made that impossible. The Pope then sent a legate with instructions to call a council of French and German bishops at Mousson, where only the German bishops appeared, the French being stopped on the way by Hugh and Robert.

Through the exertions of the legate, the deposition of Arnulf was finally pronounced illegal. After Hugh's death, Arnulf was released from his imprisonment and soon restored to all his dignities.

[edit]Legacy

Hugh Capet died on 24 October 996 in Paris and was interred in the Saint Denis Basilica. His son Robert continued to reign.

Most historians regard the beginnings of modern France with the coronation of Hugh Capet. This is because, as Count of Paris, he made the city his power centre. The monarch began a long process of exerting control of the rest of the country from there.

He is regarded as the founder of the Capetian dynasty. The direct Capetians, or the House of Capet, ruled France from 987 to 1328; thereafter, the Kingdom was ruled by collateral branches of the dynasty. All French kings through Louis Philippe, and all royal pretenders since then, have belonged to the dynasty. As of 2008, members of the Capetian dynasty are still the heads of state of the kingdom of Spain (in the person of the Bourbon Juan Carlos) and of the grand-duchy of Luxembourg, making it the oldest continuously reigning dynasty in the world.

[edit]Ancestry

[show] v • d • eAncestors of Hugh Capet

[edit]Marriage and issue

Hugh Capet married Adelaide, daughter of William Towhead, Count of Poitou. Their children are as follows:

Robert II, who became king after the death of his father
Hedwig, or Hathui, who married Reginar IV, Count of Hainaut
Gisela, or Gisele
A number of other daughters are less reliably attested.[

媒体

图片

210px-Hugues_capet.jpg

历史

日期	年龄	事件	类别